不同炮制辅料对何首乌药效成分含量的影响

目的研究不同炮制辅料对何首乌药效成分含量的影响,为选择何首乌炮制辅料提供依据。方法分别采用5种不同炮制辅料制备制何首乌,高效液相色谱法按照2015年版中国药典中制何首乌成分含量测定方法分别测定制何首乌中二苯乙烯苷、游离蒽醌的含量,比较不同炮制辅料对何首乌中药效成分含量的影响。结果炮制辅料基本都会降低制何首乌中二苯乙烯苷和游离蒽醌的含量。不同炮制辅料制备的制何首乌中二苯乙烯苷含量从高到低依次为空白对照何首乌>米泔水制何首乌>生姜汁制何首乌>甘草汁制何首乌>熟地汁制何首乌>黑豆汁制何首乌,游离蒽醌含量从高到低依次为甘草汁制何首乌>空白对照何首乌>米泔水制何首乌>熟地汁制何首乌>黑豆汁制何首乌>生姜汁制何首乌。不同炮制辅料制备的何首乌中二苯乙烯苷含量均高于2015年版中国药典中的要求,而游离蒽醌含量均未达到2015年版中国药典中的要求。结论不同炮制辅料对制何首乌中药效成分含量的影响不同。     

丹参川芎嗪在椎基底动脉供血不足头晕的研究

目的 探讨丹参川芎嗪对椎基底动脉供血不足头晕的影响.方法 抽取90例医院(2018年3月—2019年3月)收治的椎基底动脉供血不足头晕患者作为研究对象,根据计算机随机分组法,将90例患者分为对照组、试验组,每组45例.对照组用常规药物治疗,试验组用丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗,对比椎基底动脉血流动力学指标、血液流变学相关指标、治疗总有效率.结果 相较于对照组,试验组血流速度较高,而脉动指数较低(P<0.05);相较于对照组,试验组血液流变学相关指较低(P<0.05);相较于对照组,试验组治疗总有效率较高(P<0.05).结论 丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗椎基底动脉供血不足头晕,既可改善椎基底动脉血流动力学指标、血液流变学等相关指标,又能提高治疗总有效率.     

重庆地区193例化妆品变应性接触性皮炎患者斑贴试验结果分析

 目的:分析重庆地区化妆品变应性接触性皮炎患者主要化妆品成分变应原，以便指导患者合理选择和使用化妆品，降低皮炎的发生率。方法:选取我院皮肤科门诊确诊为化妆品变应性接触性皮炎的193例患者进行化妆品成分斑贴试验，并对结果作统计学分析。结果:斑贴试验总阳性率为69.43%，合并2种及2种以上变应原的患者占50.26%，阳性率前5位的变应原分别为硫柳汞、十二烷基硫酸钠、尼泊金酯、三乙醇胺和乙二胺；女性斑贴试验阳性率为73.33%，明显高于男性，差异有统计学意义(X²=9.67，P<0.05）；青年组明显高于其他年龄组，差异有统计学意义（ X²=36.79，P<0.05）。结论：硫柳汞、十二烷基硫酸钠、尼泊金酯、三乙醇胺和乙二胺5种物质是重庆地区化妆品变应性接触性皮炎患者主要的致敏成分。化妆品变应性接触性皮炎患者以女性为主，中青年多见。     

Impact of ultra-low dose CT acquisition on semi-automated RECIST tool in the evaluation of malignant focal liver lesions

PurposeTo compare the evaluation of malignant focal liver lesions (FLLs) using a semi-automated RECIST tool with a standard and an ultra-low dose (ULD) computed tomography (CT) protocol.Materials and methodsThirty-four patients with malignant FLLs underwent two abdominal-pelvic CT examinations one using a standard protocol and one using an ULD protocol. There were 23 men and 11 women with a mean age 64.3 ± 14.4 (SD) years (range: 22–91 years). Dosimetric indicators were recorded, and effective dose was calculated for both examinations. Mean malignant FLL attenuation, image noise and contrast-to-noise-ratio (CNR) were compared. The largest malignant FLL per patient was evaluated using the semi-automated RECIST tool to determine longest axis length, longest orthogonal axis length, volume and World Health Organisation area.ResultsDosimetric values were significantly reduced by −56% with ULD compared to standard protocol. No differences in mean malignant FLL attenuation values were found between the two protocols. Image noise was significantly increased for all locations (P < 0.05) with ULD compared to standard protocol, and CNR was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). On the 34 malignant FLLs analyzed, six semi-automated shapes non-concordant with radiologist's visual impression were highlighted with the software, including one FLL (1/34; 3%) with standard CT acquisition only, three FLLs (3/34; 9%) with ULD CT acquisition only and two FLLs (2/34; 6%) with both CT acquisitions. After manual editing, the concordance of the values of the studied criteria between both acquisitions was good and no significant difference was reported.ConclusionSemi-automated RECIST tool demonstrates good performances using ULD CT protocol. It could be used in routine clinical practice with a ULD protocol for follow-up studies in patients with known malignant FLL.     

Evaluation of admittance control as an alternative to passive arm supports to increase upper extremity function for individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy

The degree of upper extremity active range of motion provided by an admittance control robot compared with a commercially available passive arm support for individuals with DMD who have limited arm function was investigated in this study. The reachable workspace evaluation was used to assess active range of motion provided by both devices. A visual analog scale was also used to secure participant-reported outcome measures. The admittance control robot significantly increased reachable surface area scores compared with the passive arm support for the dominant arm (Wilcoxon T = 5, P = .022, r² = 0.263) and for the nondominant arm (paired-samples t test, t(9) = 4.66, P = .001, r² = 0.71). The admittance control robot also significantly decreased participant-reported exertion compared with the passive arm support. Results of this study substantiated the benefits of admittance control for individuals with DMD compared with a commercially available passive arm support.     

中药抗非小细胞肺癌作用机制研究进展

肺癌是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因,每年约有160万人死于肺癌。在我国,肺癌的发病率与死亡率居首位,每年约有78万人罹患肺癌,5年生存率低于20%,且85%肺癌患者为非小细胞肺癌,70%患者发现时已是癌症晚期或肿瘤已发生转移。肺癌的治疗方法有手术切除、放疗、化疗、靶向治疗、免疫治疗,然而这些方法均具有一定局限性且毒副作用较大、价格昂贵,因此寻找价格适宜、疗效可靠的药物是当务之急。中药是我国的瑰宝,有5 000余年实践经验,古籍中就有治息贲、肺积的记载,现代研究证明其具有多靶点、毒副作用小、来源广泛、效果可靠等优点,且多作为肺癌的辅助治疗方式,研究中药抗肺癌明确机制同样亟待解决。中药抗非小细胞肺癌研究主要以中药有效成分为"起点",疗效为"终点",探究"过程"——作用机制。目前,中药抗非小细胞肺癌作用机制包括诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、自噬,抑制肿瘤细胞生长、增殖、转移、侵袭等,且已上升到分子、基因水平。该文从上述作用机制着手,以作用靶点及通路为目标,总结近年来中药抗非小细胞肺癌研究相关文献,并在前人研究基础上,对研究中所涉及中药进行了性味归经整理,以期为学者研究抗肺癌中药机制及临床应用提供思路,为肺癌与中药性味归经相关性研究提供参考。     

Cortical mechanisms underlying variability in intermittent theta-burst stimulation-induced plasticity: A TMS-EEG study

ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) variability depends on the ability to engage specific neurons in the primary motor cortex (M1).MethodsIn a sham-controlled interventional study on 31 healthy volunteers, we used concomitant transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroencephalography (EEG). We compared baseline motor evoked potentials (MEPs), M1 iTBS-evoked EEG oscillations, and resting-state EEG (rsEEG) between subjects who did and did not show MEP facilitation following iTBS. We also investigated whether baseline MEP and iTBS-evoked EEG oscillations could explain inter and intraindividual variability in iTBS aftereffects.ResultsThe facilitation group had smaller baseline MEPs than the no-facilitation group and showed more iTBS-evoked EEG oscillation synchronization in the alpha and beta frequency bands. Resting-state EEG power was similar between groups and iTBS had a similar non-significant effect on rsEEG in both groups. Baseline MEP amplitude and beta iTBS-evoked EEG oscillation power explained both inter and intraindividual variability in MEP modulation following iTBS.ConclusionsThe results show that variability in iTBS-associated plasticity depends on baseline corticospinal excitability and on the ability of iTBS to engage M1 beta oscillations.SignificanceThese observations can be used to optimize iTBS investigational and therapeutic applications.     

增进积极体验为目标的健康干预对抑郁症病人抑郁情绪及生活质量的影响

目的:探讨增进积极体验为目标的健康干预对抑郁症病人抑郁情绪及生活质量的影响。方法:选择2019年9月—2021年3月在医院就诊的68例抑郁症病人为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,每组34例。对照组予以常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上予以增进积极体验为目标的健康干预。干预前后分别采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)评估病人的抑郁情绪和生活质量,同时对两组病人的护理满意度进行比较。结果:干预后观察组病人抑郁评分低于对照组(P<0.05);两组病人的生理功能、心理功能、社会功能及环境功能指标均较干预前有明显改善,且观察组评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组病人对护理干预的总满意度为97.06%,高于对照组的61.76%(P<0.05)。结论:增进积极体验为目标的健康干预可明显缓解抑郁症病人的抑郁情绪,提高病人的生活质量。